The applications of Slkor operational amplifiers are quite broad, with products that can replace TI (Texas Instruments) PN on a pin-to-pin basis. The main application areas include:

Signal Processing

Signal Amplification: Operational amplifiers can amplify weak electrical signals to the required level for subsequent circuit processing. For example, in audio amplifiers, operational amplifiers can amplify weak audio signals generated by microphones and other audio input devices, enabling them to drive speakers and achieve sufficient volume.

Filtering: In combination with resistors, capacitors, and other components, operational amplifiers can form various active filter circuits such as low-pass, high-pass, band-pass, and band-stop filters. Low-pass filters are used to filter out high-frequency noise while retaining low-frequency signals, commonly used in audio processing, while high-pass filters do the opposite. Band-pass filters amplify signals within a specific frequency range, and band-stop filters suppress signals at a particular frequency. These are widely used in communication and instrumentation.

Comparators: Operational amplifiers can compare the magnitude of two input signals and output corresponding logic levels, enabling switching functions or comparison operations. Comparators play an important role in various control circuits and digital circuit interfaces. For example, in voltage monitoring circuits, when the input voltage exceeds or falls below a set threshold, the comparator outputs a corresponding level signal, triggering subsequent control actions.

Analog Operations

Adders and Subtracters: By appropriately connecting the input terminals and feedback resistors of operational amplifiers, addition and subtraction circuits can be realized, allowing multiple input signals to be added or subtracted. These are widely used in signal synthesis, difference detection, etc., such as audio mixing circuits and error compensation circuits in measurement instruments.

Integrators and Differentiators: Operational amplifiers combined with capacitors and resistors can form integrators or differentiators to perform integration or differentiation operations on input signals, enabling rate-of-change detection and waveform transformations. In automatic control systems, integrators can be used for error signal integration control to eliminate steady-state errors, while differentiators can detect signal trends and predict changes, improving system response speed.

Sensor Interfaces

Signal Conditioning: The signals output by sensors are typically weak and may suffer from noise and interference. Operational amplifiers can amplify, filter, and condition sensor signals, converting them into a form suitable for data acquisition and processing. For example, in applications involving temperature sensors, pressure sensors, strain gauges, etc., operational amplifiers, acting as pre-amplifiers, enhance the signal quality and strength for subsequent analog-to-digital conversion and data processing.

Impedance Matching: The output impedance of a sensor may not match the input impedance of subsequent circuits, leading to low transmission efficiency or distortion. Due to their high input impedance and low output impedance characteristics, operational amplifiers can serve as buffers to achieve impedance matching between the sensor and subsequent circuits, improving signal transmission accuracy and stability.

Power Circuits

Voltage Source: Operational amplifiers can be configured as stable voltage sources to provide precise reference or bias voltages for other circuits. By appropriately selecting operational amplifier parameters and external components, the desired voltage value and stability can be achieved. This is commonly used in power management circuits and reference voltage source circuits in various electronic devices.

Current Source: Similarly, operational amplifiers can also form current source circuits to provide stable current for loads. In applications requiring precise current control, such as LED driving circuits or constant current sources for electrochemical sensors, operational amplifier current sources play an important role.

Communication

Signal Amplification and Matching: In communication systems, operational amplifiers are used to amplify, filter, and match impedances for various communication signals to ensure signal quality and stability during transmission. For example, in RF amplifiers, intermediate frequency amplifiers, audio amplifiers, and other amplification circuits, operational amplifiers are key components that can amplify weak signals to sufficient power levels to meet communication distance and reception sensitivity requirements.

Signal Conditioning and Conversion: Operational amplifiers can also be used to condition and convert communication signals, such as converting analog signals to digital signals (pre-processing before ADC) or converting digital signals to analog signals (filtering and amplifying after DAC). In modulation and demodulation circuits, operational amplifiers can also be used for multiplication, addition, and other operations, completing signal modulation and demodulation functions.

Industrial Automation

Measurement and Control: In industrial automation systems, operational amplifiers are widely used in the measurement and control of various physical quantities such as temperature, pressure, flow, displacement, etc., by processing sensor signals. After amplifying, filtering, and linearizing the sensor signals, operational amplifiers transmit them to controllers or actuators, achieving precise control and monitoring of industrial processes.

Drive and Control Circuits: Operational amplifiers can be used to drive various control elements such as motor drivers, relays, and solenoids. By amplifying and driving control signals, these components can function properly, enabling the on/off control, speed regulation, and position control of industrial equipment.

Medical Devices

Physiological Signal Detection: In medical devices, operational amplifiers are used to detect and process physiological signals such as ECG (electrocardiogram), EEG (electroencephalogram), blood pressure, and blood glucose signals. These physiological signals are often very weak and contaminated with various interference signals. Operational amplifiers effectively extract and amplify useful signals, providing accurate diagnostic data for doctors.

Medical Instrument Circuits: In addition to signal detection, operational amplifiers are also widely used in the circuits of various medical instruments, such as ultrasound diagnostic devices, medical monitoring equipment, and medical imaging devices. In these devices, operational amplifiers perform signal amplification, processing, control, and driving functions to ensure proper operation and performance.

Audio Field

Audio Amplifiers: Operational amplifiers are core components of audio amplifiers, amplifying audio signals to drive headphones, speakers, and other audio output devices, providing adequate volume and sound quality. Different types of operational amplifiers can achieve different audio amplification effects, such as high-fidelity audio amplifiers and power amplifiers, meeting diverse audio quality requirements.

Audio Signal Processing: In addition to amplification, operational amplifiers are used in audio signal processing, such as equalizers, filters, mixers, etc. Through these circuits, audio signals can undergo frequency adjustments, tone modifications, and signal mixing, achieving better audio effects to meet different audio application needs, such as sound systems, recording equipment, and audio playback devices.

Instrumentation and Measurement

Measurement Circuits: In various measurement instruments, operational amplifiers are used to construct measurement circuits for precise measurement of physical quantities. For example, in basic measuring instruments like voltmeters, ammeters, and ohmmeters, operational amplifiers can amplify and process small voltage and current signals, improving measurement sensitivity and accuracy. In more complex measuring instruments like oscilloscopes and spectrum analyzers, operational amplifiers are also used for signal amplification, filtering, and triggering, ensuring measurement accuracy and reliability.

Signal Generators: Operational amplifiers can be used with other components to form signal generator circuits, producing various types of signals such as sine waves, square waves, and triangle waves. These signals can be used for testing, calibration, and research purposes, serving as essential signal sources in instrumentation and measurement.